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From Booklist

Glimpsed in Charlotte Gordon's magnificent Mistress Bradstreet [BKL Mr 1 05], Roger Williams fascinates there because, unlike Anne Bradstreet's friend Anne Hutchinson, who evolved into dissent, he appears a dissenter from the beginning. Gaustad's excellent profile confirms that impression. Williams arrived in Massachusetts in 1631, convinced of what we now call the separation of church and state, and for speaking his mind, he was banished in 1635. He walked in winter to the site of Rhode Island and founded a colony and a Baptist congregation that he left within months, feeling that no new church should be established before the Second Coming. Conscientious, humble, a faithful family man, and a devoted public servant, he insisted on just dealings with the Indians, whom he regarded as the original owners of colonists' lands, learning the Narragansett language to help him do so. He was, Gaustad affirms, and many learned in school, a man ahead of his time, whose dedication simultaneously to freedom of conscience and civic responsibility remains a high ideal of good citizenship. Ray OlsonCopyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

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Review

"Not just an excellent introduction to the man but a deep analysis of his largely unacknowledged influence on our political and cultural life."--Reason"Our notions of the separation of church and state owe a lot to Williams, a deeply pious Puritan clergyman who believed that civil authorities had no business enforcing religious views....In 1635, Williams founded Rhode Island as a haven of toleration and freethinking. Gaustad's timely little book reminds us that those are the enduring foundations of American civilization."--Time Magazine"Excellent."--Booklist"This is a little masterpiece. Gaustad knows the religious literature of colonial America as well as anyone. Despite being a professional historian, he can also write sentences that sing. Williams, he tells us, understood what Thomas Jefferson was to proclaim over a century later about freedom and the human spirit. The core of our liberal political heritage began as a religious argument about souls rather than citizens."--Joseph J. Ellis, author of His Excellence: George Washington"As Gaustad makes clear in his remarkably succinct biography, Williams planted the seeds of ideas that would sprout a century after his death....He could have written several amendments to the Bill of Rights all by himself."--Milwaukee Journal Sentinel"At once maddeningly original and disarmingly humane, Roger Williams championed Native American rights, church-state separation, and an independent judiciary when each was considered rank heresy. The justly noted historian Edwin S. Gaustad presents Williams's remarkable story in straightforward prose, without losing sight of its poetic power." --Forrest Church, author of The American Creed: A Biography of the Declaration of Independence and The Separation of Church and State: Writings on a Fundamental Freedom by America's Founders"Energetic, elegant."--Providence Journal

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Product details

Series: Lives and Legacies Series

Hardcover: 160 pages

Publisher: Oxford University Press; 1 edition (May 15, 2005)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 019518369X

ISBN-13: 978-0195183696

Product Dimensions:

8.3 x 0.8 x 5.8 inches

Shipping Weight: 9.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.4 out of 5 stars

11 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#749,487 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

While best known as a champion of religious freedom and the founder of Rhode Island, Professor Gaustad also shows that the thoughts and actions of Roger Williams demonstrated that equitable relations between European Americans and Native Americans could have been nurtured and sustained.By the early 1630s Williams rejected English claims to Native American lands. This led him to also challenge the legal foundation of the English colonial charters in North America. Ultimately, Williams was banished from Massachusetts Bay colony as much for insisting that Native peoples were the true owners of all they possessed as for his insistence on the unalienable liberty of conscience.In 1636 he escaped deportation to England by fleeing Massachusetts. Williams would not have survived this wintertime ordeal without the aid of the Wampanoags. He acquired land from their chief sachem, Massasoit. When Plymouth colony claimed that he still resided within their territory, Williams moved again. The Narragansett sachem Canonicus befriended him almost as an adopted son. Soon afterward Williams established a trading post.From this remote vantage point he began an intensive study of Native (Algonquin) languages, customs and sacred ways. In 1643 he published his cultural findings in a book entitled, A Key into the Language of America. Many of his findings and admonitions disturbed the English settlers. He rejected their claims of cultural superiority, and asserted that in many exchanges the Indians acted with more Christian virtue than the colonists. Williams also rebuked attempts to evangelize or convert Indians as religious persecution. In recognizing their common humanity, he championed "soul liberty" for Natives and Europeans alike.In contrast to Plymouth or Massachusetts Bay, which did not obtain title from the Indians before they began their plantation, he insisted that the only legal and moral method of obtaining Indian land had to come from their free consent. Williams discovered that although Native Americans had conceptions of land, resources and ownership that differed from Europeans, Indian peoples had definite ideas about the extent and derivation of their commonwealth.Unfortunately, the growing English population and insatiable desire for land led to territorial encroachments, jurisdiction disputes, and devastating warfare with Native communities. Williams decried that land had become "one of the gods of New England." To forestall the outbreak of King Philip's War (1675-76), he offered himself up as a hostage to the Wampanoags to reassure them that their sachem, Metacom (Philip), would be returned to them by the Massachusetts authorities safely. When the war broke out, Williams sided with the English in what he perceived as self-defense.The bloodiest conflict in American history ended decades of his tireless efforts to forge a peaceful "middle ground." But his legacy remains. Roger Williams became a trusted friend, honest broker and cross-cultural diplomat. He was one of the few seventeenth-century colonial New Englanders who achieved some success in bridging the cultural gap between European Americans and American Indians.Kudos to Professor Gaustad for another excellent book about one of America's greatest "planting fathers." Sadly his passing means that he will no longer contribute to the Lives and Legacies series, but someone should write one on William Penn.

Roger Williams has been dead almost 400 years, yet his lessons and views are as pertinent today as they have ever been. The battles he fought regarding Church and State, the battles for freedom of conscience, mind and religion, are still being fought today, just as heatedly, by parties and groups just as determined. Basic freedoms must be defended--and earned--by each generation. There will always be a place, a much needed place, for Roger Williams in the discourse of United States history and the basic freedoms we take forgranted, yet must defend, every day. Jefferson, Adams, Washington, Franklin and others may have gotten more "ink," than Roger Williams, but he may be the most important one of them all. If there had been no Roger Williams, there may have been no Frankliln, Jefferson, Washington and Adams, certainly not as we know them. Williams earned for them the right to think,worship and speak on their own. A good book, easily and quickly read, giving the reader a keen appreciation of the difficulties, trials, tribulations--and the vision--of that day. And it speaks pointedly to the challenges of this day...If the reader wants an understanding and appreciation of Religious Freedom, how we got it, what it means, and why it is essential to the country, then and now, this is the book to read. A Word of Warning: Religious Conversatives of this day may find religious freedom, true religious freedom, dangerous and threatening!!!

Ok I now have a new hero who:1) Was one of the first to get kicked out of Massachusetts for among other things, daring to proclaim that the Indians owned the land!2) Actually made friends with Indians, later writing the first guidebook for communication with them.3) Founded Rhode Island, then later saved it4) Founded the first US/British Colony based on "Religious Liberty" - for all the right reasons5) Founded the first Baptist Church6) First to leave a Baptist Church (His!)7) Left a legacy of values that still impacts the world today for the betterNotes - this seems to be part of a series "Lives and Legacies." It was extremely easy to read, and pretty short too, without leaving me feeling like I missed anything. There have been a couple of more recent biographies that look pretty good.

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